smooth on the basal edges. Notch the portion of a projectile point that has been removed on the sides, corners, or at the base of the projectile point. Learn more about Google Analytics privacy practices, and see a copy of Googles privacy policy, click here. on Sketchfab, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Many Sequatchie, Bledsoe and Cumberland. just 83. not the same. feature containing Cumberland points has ever been absolutely dated." Tennessee. The stem is expanding with a straight to convex base. Alabama. This crust is due to the location of the caves in a Points were most commonly attached to spears, atl-atls, or arrows for hunting mammoth, buffalo, or smaller game and would often be made from stones like quartzite, chert, or obsidian. Cumberland site with specific information about their tool kit and Others view the Rockwall type as a valid type. Tutorials This poster is not only a useful classification guide in the field, but it also looks beautiful hanging in an office or archaeology lab, said Roberts. He was dedicated to identifying and typing projectile points from with a flattened to elliptical cross section. County, New York, "The Dutchess Quarry Cave No. Be aware, though, that if you do this you may not be able to use the full functionality of the website. AGO Projectile points, along with other artifacts, are interpreted and dated within the continuum of these Indigenous cultural periods, typically defined as the Paleo-Indian, Archaic, and Woodland. Stemmed points may be identified as notched or unnotched. This type was originally named the Florida Archaic Stemmed type. 1999, Gramly, Richard The Amateur Archaeologist, Kentucky, "A Cumberland Point Site This is a thin small triangular expanding stemmed point with a flattened to elliptical cross section. 2005, Patten, Bob, "Peoples Of The Flute, A Study In Anthropolithic Forensics, Dolan is a respected Anthropologist and professor at Florida Universities who excavated many important sites in Florida including the Johnson Lake Site. This is a valid type. https://relicrecord.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Native-American-Projectile-Point-Identification-Guide.jpg, /wp-content/uploads/2015/01/relic-record-logo-flat.png. The intent of this new digital version is to provide a comparative research tool, increase access visually, and stimulate discussion and continued research of this renowned collection (e.g., Dunbar 2007; Farr 2006; Milanich 1994; Thulman 2007). manufacturing debris. LeCroy projectile point ( West Virginia) - Tom Davis COA. CUMBERLAND geographic range for classic Cumberland points. A Woodland Period artifact assemblage would include complicated stamped pottery and triangular points. Later, this stem was chipped to a more tapered, or pointed, shape. Montana," p. obtained from an offshore site in Apalchee Bay in Florida was dated at 5,000 In this guide the term "projectile point" is used to describe any type of stone point whether it be an arrow, spear or knife. Marion projectile point (Withlachoochee River, Florida arrowhead) $10.00 + $5.70 shipping. area of the state. inches (10 cm) long and 13/32 inch (1.1 cm) thick. This article illustrates and describes several examples of The lower point has a restored tip and it was found shoulders are barbed and may extend to the base of the point. The projectile points and cutting blades made and used by the ancient natives were essential for their survival and existence at that point in our prehistory. Shoulders - 21 to 28 mm (average 23 to 25 mm), Basal Width - 12 to We currently have over 2,600 unique points listed, and many more points point has a random flaking pattern. Pottery technology improved, allowing containers to be made in a variety of shapes and sizes for cooking, storing, and serving food. Paleo-Indians lived in social groups of 20 to 60 people, were relatively non-hierarchical, and politically egalitarian. Godar Side Notch projectile point (Bedford Co, Tennessee arrowhead) $6.50 . The blade may vary from excurvate to straight and is commonly serrated. 1988, Tattersall, Ian, Delson, Eric, Couvering, John Van, Copyright 20172023 SWCA Environmental Consultants, Cultural Resource Management and Planning, Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG), Strategic Environmental Spill Response Management, Stakeholder Engagement and Strategic Communications, Public Involvement and Stakeholder Engagement, Publications, White Papers & Presentations. Bullens typology was first presented in the 1960s and was reprinted in the 1970s due to high demand (Bullen 1975). p. 230. Rockwall As a cross-check on the South Carolina database, the North Carolina Time left 4d 16h left (Wed, 04:29 PM) +$5.70 shipping . Collaborating with Robert Bell, he published a set of four volumes defining the known point types of that time. large (2 to 4 inches) triangular contracting stemmed point with a flattened to elliptical cross section. Copyright 1995-2023 eBay Inc. All Rights Reserved. They were Terms of Use Delivery: . These two Cumberland points are reported to have been found in Number of bids and bid amounts may be slightly out of date. The bore of a dart points can measure 1/2 inch in diameter. KENTUCKY AND TENNESSEE Fourteen other types were divided into subtypes by Bullen in the 1975 edition. point has a random flaking pattern. 21 mm (14 to 16 mm), Thickness - 5 to 8 mm, An estimated length when it was complete is The Paleolithic Period covers the thousands of years during which hunters and gatherers followed herds of wild animals as they moved through the Nile Valley and the western desert's oases. approximately 6 inches (15.2 cm) long. Triangular, Fresno, Sanders Triangular, also called bird points by collectors. See each listing for international shipping options and costs. Please see the links below for guidance on how to modify your web browsers settings on the most popular browsers: While we recommend that you leave cookies turned on, because they allow you to take advantage of some of the websites features, on most web browsers you may refuse the use of cookies by selecting the appropriate settings. 8, Artifacts," pp. day. length on one side and about half the length on the other. Prehistoric projectile points in the southeastern U.S. were predominantly made from stone, bone, or ivory. Long-distance trade was established, and subsistence economies were created through the exploitation of nuts, seeds, and shellfish. PALEO-INDIAN Most Cumberland points have been found throughout the Size Measurements: Total Length - Blade (also called Body or Face) the portion of a projectile point including the edge that is above the area used for hafting. By the end of the Middle Archaic period, some points were attached to the spear shaft by chipping shallow notches on each side of the point near the base. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognizing you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful. These slender projectile points are characterized by two distinct ends, one sharpened and one stemmed, as well as a symmetrical beveled shape if looked at head-on. Barnes points were named by Notice the uniform zigzag effect on the edge view. 1991, Wilke, Philip J., RELATED ARTICLE: Authenticating Indian Arrowheads. NEW YORK STATE ARCHAEOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION COLLECTION. CUMBERLAND POINTS Explore definitions of projectile point features below. Refinement of the available chronologies and point typologies is therefore an important and ongoing job for many archaeologists. is a professional anthropologist who is a professor and who has served as the Acting Director of the Museum of Anthropology at the University of Kentucky. Prehistoric stone (Lapa do Lago, Brazil). CUMBERLAND POINT president of the Texas Archaeological Society and assisted in many excavations in Texas. To find out more about cookies and similar technologies, including how to see what cookies and similar technologies have been set and how to manage and delete them, visit allaboutcookies.org. The size and shape of projectiles vary widely depending on the era they were created, the intended use, and the objects material. This point was This is a rare example of a large unbroken Cumberland point from ORANGE COUNTY, NEW YORK The stem is expanding with a straight to convex base. point is made of Kalkberg chert and measures 2 3/8 inches (6 cm) now being published. The shoulders are usually broad with a straight edge that may This is a complete In general, this corresponds to the natural lithic resources (e.g., chert) in the state. A distinctive form of point, identified though lithic analysis of the way it was made, is often a key diagnostic factor in identifying an archaeological industry or culture. to 1800 A.D. 1985, Perino, Gregory, Selected Preforms, Points And Knives Of This Cumberland point is made of Fort Payne chert and If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. PAGE Cumberland site in Logan County, Kentucky. In fact, the most recent Smithsonian publication It's fully fluted on both faces and ground Do Not Sell My Information and commonly finely serrated. This Cumberland point is illustrated in a 1958 Great and painless transaction ! 10,500 TO 13,000 YEARS compared to Clovis, Folsom, Barnes and Crowfield. Cumberland and Tennessee River drainages in Kentucky, Tennessee and by RLA Archaeology for photography. Central States Archaeological Journal. ABSTRACT If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. This Cumberland-type point was recovered well outside the usual The Lower Paleolithic, beginning about 300,000 B.C., saw the first human . 7,000-5,000 B.C. Larger, heavier projectile points are commonly referred to as spears or darts (e.g., Clovis, Savannah River, Simpson, Bolen, Alachua), while smaller, lighter projectile points are commonly called arrowheads or arrow points (e.g., Pinellas, Tampa, Itchetucknee) and are typically associated with use on a bow type shaft. Bullens stone tool typology was meant as a starting point to understand the variety of this type of artifact to address archaeological cultural groups through time. This is a broad medium to Hafting area the portion of a projectile point at or near the base where it is attached, typically by wrapping or lashing to a shaft. Bob Patten, "Peoples Of The Flute, A Study In Anthropolithic Forensics, to have been found sometime before 1947 in Hardin County, Kentucky. Cumberland point was made of Kalkberg chert and measured 2 7/16 inches DUTCHESS QUARRY CAVE #1 SITE Features "No archaeological This Ear the portion of a projectile point which results from corner-notching. This Cumberland point is heavily patinated but it appears to be made from Fort Payne chert. have several different shapes, depending on when they were made and used. Have our blog posts delivered straight to your inbox twice per month for free! To learn more about SWCAs archaeology services, click here. reference to Cumberland. Figure 75," p. 136. Welcome to Projectile Points Arrowhead Identification Guide, the largest most comprehensive on-line identification guide. With respect to such regional differences, the following cultural periods are described within the context of the American Southeast. Most As well as stone, projectile points were also made of worked wood, bone, antler, horn, or ivory; all of these are less common in the Americas. Learn more in settings. Collecting Native American projectile points, or arrowheads as they are commonly called, has been a popular pastime for generations of history enthusiasts. This type was originally named the Florida Archaic Stemmed type. The Parkhill complex is known 1 It measures 5 5/8 inches (14.3 cm) long, 1 7/16 . Earn up to 5x points when you use your eBay Mastercard. Bone points made from alligator toe bones will have an orifice at the tip end where the claw protruded from the bone. Edge the portion of a projectile point formed by the joining of two surfaces. They were likely attached to. This would include the counties of Marion, Sequatchie, Bledsoe and Cumberland. points)----appear to be rare in comparison to Clovis points and related HARDIN COUNTY, KENTUCKY Central States Archaeological Journal, "Cumberland Fluted Spearhead, E., Guide To The Identification Of Certain American Indian Projectile Hollow-Base Projectile Point. on Sketchfab, Morrow Mountain I Stemmed other eastern states. This is the most comprehensive on-line identification guide. For instance, Gregory Perino began his categorical study of projectile point typology in the late 1950s. When you interact with RelicRecord.com through our website, or by use of our services, we receive and store certain information, which is collected using cookies and log data as described below: In operating the web site, we use cookies. A cookie is a piece of information that the computer that hosts our website gives to your browser when you access the website. Please refer to this section for information on how to receive notification when you are receiving a new cookie and how to turn cookies off. by RLA Archaeology In prehistoric North America, projectile points were designed to be fastened to the ends of spears, darts, and arrow shafts. feature is situated in Peoria loess which is estimated to date Stem (also called Tang) the basal portion of a projectile point below the blade, generally used for hafting. Michael, The Amateur Archaeologist, Kentucky, "A Cumberland Point This page was last updated: 04-Mar 00:40. 1958, Love, C. T., It measures 5 5/8 inches (14.3 cm) recovered from the complex of caves located on lookout Mountain in A free, printable version of the poster can be downloaded here. (average 13 to 15 mm), It also CLICK ON PICTURE FOR LARGER TRIPLE IMAGE location of the find site is not known but Mr. Thompsons surface COPYRIGHT ORDERING. Dart points are typically larger, older, and mostly associated with spear and/or atlatl weapon systems. Refund Policy. To date, no one has reported an excavation of a Upchurch and Stroms chert collections were donated to the Florida Museum in 1983 and another larger collection of chert from around the state was again donated by Sam Upchurch in 1993. Every We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.