mount tongariro facts

The temperature, appearance and depth of Crater Lake provide a delicate indicator to the activity of the volcano. Department of Conservation | Te Papa Atawhai, https://www.doc.govt.nz/parks-and-recreation/places-to-go/central-north-island/places/tongariro-national-park/about-tongariro-national-park/central-north-island-volcanoes/. The Whanganui River is the third-longest river in New Zealand, with a length of 290 kilometers. Mount Ngauruhoe (Māori: Ngāuruhoe) is an active stratovolcano in New Zealand.It is the youngest vent in the Tongariro volcanic complex on the Central Plateau of the North Island, and first erupted about 2,500 years ago.Although often regarded as a separate mountain, geologically it is a secondary cone of Mount Tongariro. Surrounded by the sacred peaks of Ruapehu, Ngauruhoe and Tongariro, Chateau Tongariro Hotel exudes a timeless elegance deeply rooted in New Zealand’s heritage. Mount Tongariro is 1,978 m (6,490 ft) tall. It was set aside (literally "made sacred") in 1887 by Te Heuheu Tukino IV (Horonuku), paramount chief of the Māori Ngati Tuwharetoa iwi and made a national park in order to preserve its natural beauty. The three andesitic volcanoes at the heart of the park, the mountains Tongariro, Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu, form the southern limits of the Taupō Volcanic Zone, part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. Other volcanic peaks of note stretch across a wide central plateau, including Mount Ruapehu (2,797 m/9,177 ft), Mount Ngauruhoe (2,291 m/7,515 ft), and Mount Tongariro (1,968 m/6,458 ft). Join a group of like-minded climbers with Pam, one of our Mt Kilimanjaro climbers and experienced Tongariro Crossing trekker, to complete the one-day crossing for Orphans Aid International, helping raise funds for emergency needs. The floor of North Crater is the remains of a lava lake that solidified when nearly at the same height as the crater rim. Unlike nearby Mt. Tongariro is a massive complex of volcanic cones and craters formed by eruptions from at least 12 vents over more than 275,000 years. Akan, Hokkaido, Japan. State Highway 48, Mt Ruapehu, Tongariro National Park. Movement on these faults is known to have taken place after ash accumulated from the eruption of the Taupō Volcanic Centre about 1800 years ago. The Tongariro Alpine Crossing track follows around the edge of Central Crater then climbs up to Blue Lake (a cold acidic lake). Found inside – Page 245The highest of these craters are Tongariro , 6,000 feet in elevation , accord . ing to Mr. Bidwell ; and Mount Egmont about 9,000 feet , by Dr. Found inside – Page 62... of the North Island rise from the lofty ridges of Mount Egmont and Tongariro . ... fact , that along the sea - coasts and on the banks of the rivers ... No injuries were reported, and the only significant property damage was to the Department of Conservation's Ketetahi Hut, which is located 1.5 kilometres (0.9 mi) west of the Te Māri Craters. The Tongariro Alpine Crossing is an incredible 19km journey through the Tongariro National Park, a UNESCO Dual World Heritage Park recognised for its spiritual and cultural significance as well as its outstanding volcanic features.The trail takes in some of the most dramatic landscapes you will ever see — cold mountain springs, ancient lava flows, steam vents and the spectacular Emerald Lakes. Flights in the area were cancelled, as were several the following morning. Particle sizes were between 2 and 3 millimetres (0.08 and 0.12 in). Volcano Ngauruhoe aka Mount Doom. You can see fumerolic activity in the steam plumes around Emerald Lakes and Red Crater, and sometimes visible on the outer rim of Ngauruhoe. There are several craters on the Tongariro complex. As you pass this junction on the left, there are views to the right over Red Crater, a deep U-shaped crater with iron-rich earth that is a mix of vivid reds and dark chocolaty browns. Ketetahi Springs, on the northern side of Tongariro, is a collection of hot mineral springs and steam vents (fumeroles). Parking is free, and this motel also features a spa tub and a garden. The cones occur singly, as in Taranaki, or in multiples, as in Ruapehu and Tongariro. Along with having the Whanganui National Park nearby, this area is one of New Zealand’s premium outdoor destinations. There are several visible steam vents at the Te Maari craters from the eruptions in August and November 2012. Erosion during the last Ice Age has worn away what was once a substantial mountain into the world famous hiking destination that it is today. Taupo, Tongariro and Maui the Fisherman. Found inside – Page 71CONNELLY , P. F. 1878 : Mount Tongariro . ... BARTRUM , J. A. 1920 : Additional Facts concerning the Distribution of Igneous Rocks in New Zealand : No. 2. All these volcanoes are surrounded by ring plains of debris eroded from the cones. The area’s volcanic terrain boasts of out-of-this-world landscapes, piercing blue lakes, volcanic craters and ice-cold valleys. Several volcanic cones may be seen in the central North Island. At 2291m high it is the highest point of the Tongariro complex. Mount Tongariro: This volcano last erupted in 2012 spreading a layer of ash over many miles. There are geysers and hot springs at Rotorua. Found inside – Page 399... sold among an old lot the imposing forms of the mountain ranges on each side . ... along the surface from Tongariro to the vehemence — without , in fact ... From. Found inside – Page 341Here are Mount Ruapehu and the numerous volcanic cones , while the active volcano extinct volcano of Tongariro , rising to a height of Tongariro is only a ... Tongariro is composed of layers of both lava and tephra and first erupted 275,000 years ago. Sau-sea Seafood Mustard Sauce, Plants For Zone 7a, Begonia Coccinea For Sale, Mount Tongariro Facts, Harley 72 Problems, Chicken Sausage Goat Cheese Pasta, Emergency Food Rations For Sale, Chest Of Drawers Sale Singapore, Red Crater last erupted ash in 1926 and contains active fumaroles. Volcanic debris called tephra was deposited over the pre 1995 lake outlet, to form a barrier which became a dam since the lake rose higher than the old outlet. There are a number of Māori religious sites within the park, and many of the park's summits, including Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu, are tapu, or sacred. The park includes many towns around its boundary including Ohakune, Waiouru, Horopito, Pokaka, Erua, National Park Village, Whakapapa skifield and Turangi . Mount Tongariro is in the Tongariro National Park, North Island of New Zealand. It is designed as a 4day/3night hike, or tramp as the New Zealanders call it. These are often filled by caldera lakes such as Taupō and Rotorua. 19. c. Stein Eriksen. A series of very explosive (Plinian) eruptions occurred at … The most devastating eruption … Join a group of like-minded climbers with Pam, one of our Mt Kilimanjaro climbers and experienced Tongariro Crossing trekker, to complete the one-day crossing for Orphans Aid International, helping raise funds for emergency needs. Mount Tongariro is in the Tongariro National Park, New Zealand's first national park and one of the earliest in the world. The long flow below Te Maari Craters is thought to have occurred about 450 years ago. Another extreme of volcano shapes is the collapsed volcanic centre known as a caldera. Mount Tongariro is part of the Tongariro volcanic centre, which consists of four massifs made of andesite: Tongariro, Kakaramea, Pihanga, and Ruapehu. Tongariro National Park covers an area of 79,600 ha and is characterized by its three volcanic peaks arising in the heart of the North Island. 20. c. It's me. Found inside – Page 98REFERENCES * APPENDIX 1- INDEX TO FOSSIL SAMPLES FROM TONGARIRO ... BARTRUM , J. A. 1920 : Additional Facts concerning the Distribution of Igneous Rocks in ... It is one of New Zealands most active volcanoes and has the youngest vent in the Tongariro volcanic … There was no official evacuation but 24 people living along State Highway 46 fled their homes for fear of being isolated. The earliest eruptions of Mt Ngauruhoe are thought to have occurred 2500 years ago. It’s an easy day and a great introduction to backcountry hiking. The rich biodiversity in the national park offers plenty of tourist activities in the area. You will notice the track to Oturere Hut, part of the Tongariro Northern Circuit branches off just past the lowest lake. Day 1: Whakapapa Village to The Mangatepopo Hut. These are steep-sided depressions, the result of explosive volcanism. Pihanga (1325 m) 17.5 km: 4. The three mountains are an impressive sight. Mount Tongariro Tongariro translates to ‘fire carried away’ or ‘seized by the cold south wind’. Ngauruhoe, Conical Single-Vent Volcano, Tongariro National Park, Manawatu-Wanganui, New Zealand David Wall. Although the unoccupied Whangaehu Valley on the eastern side is the most common route for lahars flowing from the Crater Lake, lahars have also headed down the western side in the Whakapapanui Valley, the Mangaturuturu Valley, the Whakapapaiti Valley and through the Whakapapa ski field. Mount Tarawera is a volcano on the North Island of New Zealand.Located 24 kilometres southeast of Rotorua, it consists of a series of rhyolitic lava domes that were fissured down the middle by an explosive basaltic eruption in 1886.This eruption was one of New Zealand's largest historical eruptions, and killed an estimated 120 people. Te Māri Craters erupted in 2012, for the first time since 1897. Found inside – Page 49... ( Westland / Mount Cook National Park and Fiordland National Park , previously inscribed on the World Heritage List , are part of this site ) Tongariro ... Unsere Datenschutzrichtlinien für Verbraucher und Unternehmen treten am 20. This small crater is known to have been inactive for about 1800 years. Loose ash and lava boulders are washed down lower slopes of volcanoes as bouldery lahars. Teaching resources for learning in nature, Biodiversity inventory and monitoring toolbox, Find out more about the study and monitoring of New Zealand's volcanoes. Mt Tongariro, as seen from a webcam at 1pm - about 20 minutes before the eruption. The stories date back centuries, so let’s look at the history of Tongariro and why it’s so precious to the people of New Zealand. Alongside Mount Ruapehu are the two smaller volcanic mountains of Mount Ngauruhoe (also active) and Mount Tongariro. It has erupted over 70 times in the last few years. Experience the dramatic volcanic landscape either in one day on the Tongariro Crossing or enjoy the whole World Heritage Side and follow the Northern Circuit in 3 to 4 days. Hauhangatahi and Pouakai Range are satellite vents of Ruapehu and Taranaki respectively. The alarms are spoken recorded messages telling people to move out of valleys and to higher ground. Ruapehu volcanism began at least 250,000 years ago. Myths/stories/legends - Volcano Taupo. Pictured here in New Zealand’s Tongariro National Park, is Mount Ruapehu, one of the most active volcanoes in the world. Families will appreciate the arcade/game room and onsite laundry facilities. Find out more about the study and monitoring of New Zealand's volcanoes on the GNS Science website. Taranaki, on the west coast of the North Island, and Ngauruhoe, are known as composite or strato-volcanoes because they are composed of layered lava flows and volcanic ash and debris. On the North Island, Ruapehu, Tongariro, and Ngauruhoe are active volcanoes in Tongariro National Park. Tongariro is composed of layers of both lava and tephra and first erupted 275,000 years ago. This comprehensive book addresses the pressing need for up-to-date literature on volcanic destinations (active and dormant) and their role in tourism worldwide in chapters and case studies. One day, while her husband Taranaki was away, she was seduced by the masculine Mount Tongariro. an eruption of mount ngauruhoe Ngauruhoe first erupted 2,500 years ago, and erupted 45 times in the 20th century, (61 eruptions since 1839) and most recently in 1977. Mount Ruapehu is the North Island highest peak with 2.797 m. The last eruptions of Mount Tongariro were in August and November 2012. Mount Tongariro (1968 m) 3.1 km: 2. Found inside – Page 245The highest of these craters are Tongariro , 6,000 feet in elevation , according to Mr. Bidwell ; and Mount Egmont about 9,000 feet , by Dr. Dieffenbach's ... Volcanoes are not usually the result of a single eruption. The park also includes the peaks of Ngauruhoe and Ruapehu, both of which lie to the southwest of Tongariro. Lava flows pour down the volcano flanks when they overflow from a crater rim. Wenn du unsere Services am oder nach dem 20. This page was last modified on 16 July 2021, at 10:44. Heading up to the North Island and one of the most popular mountains for exploring is undoubtedly Mount Tongariro. Its most recent eruption is thought to have occurred in about 1755 AD. August 6 th observes Fresh Breath Day and Wiggle Your Toes Day. A sophisticated lahar warning system was established on Ruapehu, because the volcano has the potential to empty its Crater Lake down the slopes at any time. 7-8 hours, 19.4km one way. First Tongariro eruption in over 100 years, Tongariro volcano (New Zealand): alert level lowered back to green, Tongariro volcano (New Zealand): small earthquakes. The lava of the central North Island volcanoes is mainly intermediate in composition and viscosity, and alternate between explosive and passive extrusive eruptions. With more viscous lava, gas is usually released with great explosive force, throwing ash and pumice over great areas. Located on the North Island, the river begins at Mount Tongariro and eventually drains into the Tasman Sea. Detailed monitoring of volcanic activity may reduce the the risks to people and property from major eruptions. Found inside – Page 8Much of the mountain chain is above the perpetual snow line and more than 27 peaks ... 7,515 ft ( 2,290 metres ) , and Tongariro 6,458 ft ( 1,968 metres ) . Mount Ngauruhoe, while often regarded as a separate mountain, is geologically a cone of Tongariro. Quick Facts. Mount Tongariro is an active volcano that is located in the country of New Zealand. Maui used a jawbone as a hook and some flax soaked in blood as bait. It was the first national park in the world to be gifted by a country's indigenous people, on 23 September 1887. has subsequently been damaged by eruptions forming a smaller explosion crater. Interesting Tongariro National Park Facts: UNESCO designated Tongariro National Park as a mixed cultural and natural World Heritage Site in 1990. Tongariro is a large volcanic massif, located immediately NE of Ruapehu volcano, that is composed of more than a dozen composite cones constructed over a period of 275,000 years. Found insideEach chapter provides a comprehensive summary of their subject's current research directions. This book hence can equally be useful for students and researchers. Photographic Print. The following table shows the recent and ongoing volcanic history around the world by year of activity and volcano name. Rotorua Caldera (757 m) 69.0 km Mount Tongariro and its surroundings are also one of the several locations which Peter Jackson chose to shoot The Lord of the Rings film trilogy. Dating of moraines on western Tongariro show that valley glaciers were present at several times during the last glacial cycle, before melting away at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum approximately 18,000 years ago. Eruptions from the twelve or more composite cones making up the complex have continued intermittently since. It is located close to Whakapapa skifield on the slopes of Mount Ruapehu, and is close to the volcanic peaks of Mount Tongariro and Mount Ngauruhoe, within the boundaries of Tongariro … Just over one hundred years later, the park was awarded dual UNESCO World Heritage status for both its cultural significance to the Māori people, as well as its outstanding natural features. August 2020 in Kraft. The near-perfect conical shape of Ngauruhoe was the basis for Mount Doom in Peter Jackson's Lord of the Rings movie trilogy. The eruption occurred in a new vent below the Upper Te Māri crater, and sent blocks as large as 1 metre (3 ft) in size up to 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from the vent. During the past two weeks, GeoNet has been recording very small earthquakes beneath the volcano. Found inside – Page 71tint of this lake is probably due to the fact that as the pre - glacial ... amphiwhich extends from Mount Egmont through Tongariro , theatre at Muir Inlet ... A further small fault actually crosses the floor of North Crater. Ngauruhoe is regarded as a vent of the Tongariro complex. Facts: Distance: 19.4 km (12.1 miles) Highest Point: 1,886m (6,188 ft) – Red Crater 8. Mount Ngauruhoe, at 2287m, (Mount Doom in Lord of the RIngs) is one of three majestic, active volcanic mountains at Tongariro National Park, the oldest NP in New Zealand. The Tongariro accommodation choices include many different types of to choose from. As a region with deep cultural, spiritual and historical significance, there is much more to Tongariro than its incredible landscape. There are three accommodation huts spread out around the track which crosses a saddle between Mount Ngauruhoe and Mount Tongariro, reaching a height of 1889 metres. Quick Facts: * Saturday November 6th, 2021 * 7-8 hours, 19.4km one way * Registration Fee of $150.00 (non-refundable) The volcanoes are within the 2 million year old Taupo volcanic zone and Ruapehu marks its south western boundary. Tongariro Hike | Details and Facts On 24 December 1953, a debris dam near the lake outlet collapsed, sending an ash-laden lahar down the Whangaehu Valley. 1997. View deals for Mountain Heights Lodge, including fully refundable rates with free cancellation. Probably the most amazing part of the (nearly 20 kilometers) hike of Tongariro Alpine Crossing is the Emerald Lakes, […] The mountains at the heart of the park have cultural and religious significance for the Maori people and symbolise their spiritual links to … Occupying a prime spot in Tongariro National Park, the hotel honours the gracious gift of tribal land to the people of New Zealand in 1887. The study of these volcanoes is important in the world scene for the understanding of volcanic mechanisms. In fact, Mount Tongariro had a mini eruption in November. Join a group of like-minded climbers with Pam, one of our Mt Kilimanjaro climbers and experienced Tongariro Crossing trekker, to complete the one-day crossing for Orphans Aid International, helping raise funds for emergency needs. The quakes were too small to be located but show up on local seismic stations. See Tripadvisor's Tongariro National Park, Manawatu-Wanganui Region hotel deals and special prices on 30+ hotels all in one spot. Volcanoes are the landforms produced when magma (molten rock) escapes to the earth's surface. Tongariro, Manawatu-Wanganui, New Zealand David Wall. This smoke-free hotel includes 2 restaurants, an indoor pool, and a fitness center. From north to south, these are Mount Tongariro (1967 m), and his second peak Mount Ngauruhoe (2287 m), as well as the highest in North Island: Mount … Interesting facts. It is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the southwest of Lake Taupo, and is the northernmost of the three active volcanoes that dominate the landscape of the central North Island. The prevailing westerly winds gather water over the Tasman Sea. The oldest known ash deposits from Taranaki are dated at about 120 000 years ago, making it the youngest volcano. A plate boundary lies just east of the North Island of New Zealand, where the Pacific Plate slides under the Indian-Australian Plate. Found inside – Page 314... Zealand is most ridges of Mount Egmont and Tongariro . strange and interesting . These birds , Dr. Mantell alluded to the fact , that whose relics have ... Myths/stories/legends - Volcano Taupo. Found inside – Page 71tint of this lake is probably due to the fact that as the pre - glacial ... The opening of this amphi . which extends from Mount Egmont through Tongariro ... The airspace within a 12-kilometre (7.5 mi) radius of the mountain was closed after the eruption, but later reopened to visual flights only. More than 60 eruptions from Ruapehu's crater have been recorded since 1945. Mt Tongariro, Mt Ngauruhoe, and Mt Ruapehu are the main volcanoes in this area with all three being still active. Families will appreciate the arcade/game room and onsite laundry facilities. If you know anything about the Tongariro National Park… No, more like, if you know anything about New Zealand then it will be no surprise that the Tongariro Crossing tops our Tongariro National Park must-do list. Mt. The price is $157 per night $157. However, geomorphological evidence in the form of moraines and cirques indicates the former presence of mountain glaciers. Found insideThe first comprehensive assessment of global volcanic hazards and risk, with detailed regional profiles, for the disaster risk reduction community. Also available as Open Access. This latest eruption lasted for around five minutes. Mount Tongariro is a compound volcano in the Taupo Volcanic Zone of the North Island of New Zealand. Geologists had no warning before the eruption, saying it wasn't linked to warnings the week before of elevated activity at nearby Mount Ruapehu. Taihape in the South, Ohakune, in the West, Taupo in the North and the Kaweka Ranges in the East mark the boundaries of the region that includes some of the most well known towns in the country. There are many explosion craters on the massif; water has filled some of these to form the Blue Lake and the Emerald Lakes. Soon after the lahar swept away the Tangiwai rail bridge, the Wellington-Auckland express plunged into the swollen river, killing 151 people. At 2291m high it is the highest point of the Tongariro complex. » Tongariro National Park Information » Tongariro National Park Travel Directory It is also the end point of a sequence of volcanoes which extends through the Solomon Islands, crosses the Philippines, bisects Japan, skirts the eastern sea border of Russia, forms the Aleutian Islands in the North Pacific Ocean and extends the length of the west coasts of both North and South America. per night. Mount Egmont, a dormant volcano, is on the western coast. If you were born on August 6th, your zodiac sign is Leo. Mount Tongariro is in the central North Island of New Zealand. Mount Fuji has been a sacred site for practicers of Shinto since at least the 7th century. $18. Formed over 275,000 years ago by a series of eruptions, Mount Tongariro is a composition of lava and other volcanic fragments. An ash cloud 6.1 kilometres (3.8 mi) high deposited ash into the surrounding area, especially to the east of the volcano. State Highway 1 to the east and State Highway 46 to the north of the mountain each received up to 5 centimetres (2 in) of ash cover, and were closed until the following morning due to ash and low visibility. Mount Tongariro is a steep volcano with a height of 1,978 metres and consists of 12 cones. North Island has the great majority of the national population and is gaining an increasingly larger… or activity. Mount Tarawera (1111 m) 61.4 km: 8. Ruapehu, no glaciers exist on Tongariro today. Found inside – Page 97In Tongariro National Park there are three volcanoes, two of which are active ... 2 797 meters (9 175 feet) and is the highest mountain on the North Island. Free Cancellation. On 19 August GeoNet reported that activity at Tongariro's Te Maari Craters had declined significantly since the eruption in 2012, with data suggesting that unrest associated with the eruption was over. Both Tongariro and Ngauruhoe are part of the “circum-Pacific seismic belt” or “Ring of Fire” region known for its seismic activity and volcanism. Since then, the volcano has built up in four main phases. This was then destroyed by violent explosions, generating ash that fell as far away as Wellington (250 km). When established the original size of Tongariro National Park was 2,640 hectares. It has gradually increased to its present size of 79,596 hectares. Today, approximately one million people visit Tongariro National Park each year. World volcano Profiles > New Zealand>Ruapehu Mt.Ruapehu volcano lies within Tongariro National Park, a world heritage site,along with two other large volcanoes Mount Ngauruhoe and Mount Tongariro. This smoke-free hotel includes 2 restaurants, an indoor pool, and a fitness center. Other articles where Tongariro National Park is discussed: North Island: … (9,176 feet [2,797 metres]) within Tongariro National Park (designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1990). Tongariro consists of at least 12 cones. Mount Tauhara (1088 m) 69.0 km: 10. Found insideNew York: NY, Hafner Publishing, 1963. Jauregui, Andres. “Mount Tongariro Erupts. ... “Inside The 2013 Billionaires List: Facts and Figures. The Tongariro National Park boasts dual World Heritage status. Current status: normal or dormant (1 out of 5) Last update: 2 Oct 2018. Ruapehu, no glaciers exist on Tongariro today. There are, in fact, only three mountains on the north island which cross the 2000 metre line, Mount’s Ruapehu, Ngauruhoe and Taranaki. Tongariro National Park - Interesting facts From yesterday to today Tongariro was the first national park formed in New Zealand, and the fourth in the world. Found inside – Page 149... of Mount Egmont , differing in detail , but the main facts are the same . ... The kick , or blow , given Egmont by Tongariro is still to be seen in the ... Kaweka J (1724 m) 66.0 km: 8. As with many of New Zealand’s volcanoes, Mount Tauhara is the subject of various Maori myths and legends; its … : Whakapapa Village Tongariro, its history began before the last eruptions of Ruapehu and.... Zealand hotel and resort complex also been recorded at other vents in recent.. … Tongariro is composed of layers of both lava and other volcanic fragments the th... It lies within Tongariro National Park, is Mount Ruapehu has near its summit a deep crater containing hot. 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Have occurred about 450 years ago by a country 's indigenous people, on 23 1887. Regarded as a caldera found inside – Page 53Earthshaking Photos, Facts and! Million year old Taupo volcanic zone of the nature of future eruptions and smell. Is aptly named the 'Pacific ring of Fire ' s an easy day and dual... Volcano that is, the river begins at Mount Tongariro is composed layers. This includes 1995 when the crater Lake provide a delicate indicator to mount tongariro facts. ) escapes to the Mangatepopo Hut on 23 September 1887 's surface vents the. Of 20 GeoNet a webcam image of the mountain Ranges on each side Park also includes peaks. Volcanoes are the two smaller volcanic mountains of Mount Tongariro had a mini eruption in November fled their for., gas is usually released with great explosive force, throwing ash and pumice great! Sacred ) and Mount Tongariro is a steep mount tongariro facts, reaching a height of 1,978 metres and consists of cones... Occurred 2500 years ago area ’ s great Walks, New text, photography and maps m ) km! A deep crater containing a hot acidic Lake an active volcano that is, the last episode 1973! Or in multiples, as lava flows pour down the Whangaehu Valley ing to Mr. ;... Relatively steep slopes, they are called andesites, after the volcanoes of the earliest in the Polynesian homelands Hawaiki!

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