Raphael Kutscher memorial volume, Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, Occasional Publications 1, Tel Aviv, 1993, pp. 1150-985 BCE), viz., the second dynasty of Isin, the second dynasty of the Sealand, and the Bazi dynasty, had Akkadian, Kassite, and hybrid (Akkadian-Kassite) names. Chr. In the 207th letter Ipte praises Baal of the sun, for delivering him in battle against the Apiru. Remnants of two Kassite glass beakers were found during the 1964 excavation in a (c. 800 BC) destruction layer of Hasanlu, in northwest Iran. We can learn about the society where the ancient Israelites, and later Jesus and the Apostles, lived through the modern discoveries that provide us clues. The opening of Joshua, chapter 10, describes the King of Jerusalem being afraid because of the capturing of Ai and Jericho by Joshua during battle. 479-491, Potts, D. T. Elamites and Kassites in the Persian Gulf. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. Gasche et al. A Middle Babylonian Legal Document Raising Problems in Kassite Chronology. Journal of Near Eastern Studies, vol. Most belong to the archives of the guenna (provincial governor) of the city of Nippur and seem to indicate a feudal system of government during the 14th and 13th centuries. First mentioned in Elamite texts of the late 3rd millennium bc, they penetrated into Mesopotamia in the 2nd millennium, 1, 2006, pp. The detestable worship of Baals and sun/moon gods is documented even within the circumstantial Amarna Letters. Top level: Mesopotamian Gods in symbolic form, second level: animals and deities playing musical instruments (detail), "Unfinished" Kudurru, Kassite period, attributed to the reign of Melishipak, 1186-1172 B.C.E., found in Susa, where it had been taken as war booty in the 12th century B.C.E. License. and accepts with reservations V. G. Gurzadyans eclipse identifications (1458 and 1451 BCE). Idem, Beitrge zur Verwaltung und Gesellschaft Babyloniens in der Kassitenzeit, Baghdader Forschungen 21, Mainz, 2001. "6. No, King David Never Danced Naked Before The Lord, Top 10 Worst Christian Fashions And Clothing. The Kassites had also developed their unique style of poetry, architecture, medicine, sculpture, astrology and fortune telling. 437-478, Malko, Helen. Balkan, 1954, pp. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. 233-42. Our collection of maps are simple and they are free. The Kassite (or presumably such) clans are Bimat (including the houses [h] of Nanakt) and possibly the Samhar (De Graef, 1998, pp. and ruled the area for 576 years. The Sealand, which was ruled by another dynasty perhaps since the demise of Babylons rule in the south, was incorporated into Babylonia in ca. Cuneiform Texts in The Otago Museum: A preliminary report. Ancient Orient Museum, Kudurru mentioning the name of the Kassite king Kurigalzu II, from Nippur, Iraq, Ancient Orient Museum, Babylonian cuneiform tablet with a map from Nippur, Kassite period, 1550-1450 BCE, Winged centaur hunting animals. J. 2. The administration was directed from the palaces of various cities. Their capital city was Dur-Kurigalzu. Christians have historically spoken of the Bible as being divided into the "Old" and the "New" testaments. 14155, Hjlund, Flemming. The Kassites: An ancient Near Eastern people, the Kassites ruled Babylonia from from 1531 BC to 1155 BC after the fall of the First Babylonian Empire. Brinkman, Provincial Administration in Babylonia under the second Dynasty of Isin, JESHO 6, 1963, pp. 470 f.; Sassmannshausen, 1999, pp. The specific purpose and intent of this entry is to present research on biblical synchronisms; references to the same or supposedly same historical events from multiple cultures. 91-113. Kassites and Assyrians. (Gen. 3:15) It is from the Horite priesthood that the priesthood of Israel developed. Kassite period, 14th century BCE. It is thought that the Kassites originated as tribal groups in the Zagros Mountains to the north-east of Babylonia. 1400 BCE, the accession of the Kassite king Kara-inda (comparing El Amarna letter 10). They reportedly dominated this territory from roughly the twelfth through the tenth centuries B.C.E. K. Balkan, Kassitenstudien, 1: Die Sprache der Kassiten, American Oriental Series 37, New Haven, 1954. F. H. Weissbach, he Kissa, in Pauly-Wissowa, RE 21, 1921, pp. 44 f., 59). The World History Encyclopedia logo is a registered trademark. 8, line 46; 9, 41). Kassite, member of an ancient people known primarily for establishing the second, or middle, Babylonian dynasty; they were believed (perhaps wrongly) to have originated in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. They gained control of Babylonia after the Hittite sack of Babylon in 1531 BC, and established a dynasty generally assumed to have been based first in that city, after a hiatus. In the image below the reasoning behind the test is show. 174-190, Bass, George F., et al. As semi-nomads the Kassites were organized in family and tribal units. A man named Tobiah the Ammonite is mentioned in Nehemiah 2:19 at the end of the Old Testament period (400s BC). It is possible that the Habiru in the Amarna Letters are a mix of Hebrews from Egypt and also local rebels from the previous Hebrew peoples, like Abraham was. 32, no. The texts are unclear about who the Apiru/Hapiru/Habiru people are. Kassites. to 540 B.C. A. Idem, rev. Museum, British. "Kassite." From the letters of Adbi-Heba it is clearly seen that he is having severe trouble with the Apiru. When Burnaburia II died, his son Kara-harda succeeded him but was assassinated in a rebellion (1328 BCE). Paper, 1956, p. 252). Idem, Sex, Age and Physical Condition Designations for Servile Laborers in the Middle Babylonian Period, in G. van Driel, T. J. H. Krispijn, M. Stol, and K. R. Veenhof, eds., Zikir umim: Assyriological Studies Presented to F.R. Elam is recorded in history at the time of Sagron of Akkad around 2300 BC where it is listed on the Bible Timeline. Krishna was at once a Kurus, an Abhira, and a Yadava. Kassite. Balkan, 1954, pp. The Kassites (/ksats/) were people of the ancient Near East, who controlled Babylonia after the fall of the Old Babylonian Empire c. 1595 BC and until c. 1155 BC (middle chronology). Thereafter, Kassite groups and individuals are recorded in northern Babylonia, especially around Sippar Yahrurum (see Zadok, 1987, pp. Mu-s-Sa Dates in the Kassite Period. Die Welt Des Orients, vol. Middle Babylonian documents from Nuzi have the form Ku-u-u (-h), i.e., with the Hurrian adjectival ending -e (Fincke, 1993, pp. It was in the area between this Havilah and Shur that Saul defeated the Amalekites and captured Agag, their king (I Sam. (2015). 234-37; idem, 1984, pp. Judges 6:3 | View whole chapter | See verse in context. Les Kassites, un peuple antique qui n'tait ni indo-europen, ni smite, tait originaire du Lorestan. Iraq Museum, Terracotta plaque of a seated goddess, from Southern Mesopotamia, Iraq. During and after the Bronze Age Collapse Babylonia was invaded by their neighbors, the Elamites and the Assyrians. Under the later Kassite kings political authority was weakened as peripheral provinces detached themselves from effective state control (see Brinkman, 1963, pp. Die Tontafeln der Grabung Robert Koldeweys 18991917." The few sources consist of personal names, a few documents, and some technical terms related to horses and chariotry. Adding the years given by the King List to that date would place the beginning of the dynasty in the 18th century BCE, when rulers of the Hammurabi dynasty controlled Babylon. Ancient Jerusalem - Interactive Study of Jerusalem with Map. "17. The temples that the Kassite kings built or rebuilt are mainly in the Babylonian tradition, although one Kassite innovation was the use of molded bricks to form figures in relief. The Kassites retained power for about four hundred years (until 1155 BC). The Kassites were not referenced in the Bible but according to some Christian and Hebrew scholars a king named Cushan-Rishathaim was supposed to have been a Kassite ruler. World History Publishing is a non-profit company registered in the United Kingdom. Idem, Zur Organisation des gesellschaftlichen Lebens im kassitischen und nachkassitischen Babylonien: Verwaltungsstruktur und Gemeinschaften, in H. Hirsch and H. Hunger, eds., Vortrge gehalten auf der 28 Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale in Wien, 6.-10 Juli 1981, Archiv fr Orientforschung Beiheft 19, Vienna, 1982, pp. Important sources for reconstructing the Kassite Dynasty are kudurrus. [34] Being in close proximity the Assyrians and Kassites often came into political and military conflict over the next few centuries. https://www.worldhistory.org/kassite/. The name Cushan is considered a translation for Kassite or northwest Mesopotamia. Volume 1 Kardunia. 1, 1989, pp. . Chronicles and king lists are imprecise, and although the Kassite kings traditionally ruled over Babylonia for 576 years, it is probable that the first Kassite kings reigned in Babylonia simultaneously with the last kings of the first Babylonian dynasty; thus Gandash, the first Kassite king, possibly began his reign about the middle of the 18th century bc, but not at Babylon. 224 f.). During subsequent raids, Elamite troops stole numerous monuments from sanctuaries across southern Mesopotamia and carried them back to Susa, contributing to . Babylon under Kassite rulers, who renamed the city Karanduniash, re-emerged as a political and military power in Mesopotamia. ; Sassmannshausen, 2000, pp. Armstrong, James A. Remember that Hebrews existed before the Egyptian captivity. The Canaan has been plundered into every sort of woe: The Absurd History Of Papal Edicts Concerning Jews, How Well Do You Know Your Bible? Babylonia was recognized as a great power by the other Near Eastern powers, namely, its neighbors and Egypt, according to the Amarna correspondence. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Armstrong, James A., and Hermann Gasche. Jahrtausend v.Chr., Rpertoire Gographique des Textes Cuniformes 12/2, Wiesbaden, 2001. M. Bloomfield, On Some Alleged Indo-European Languages in Cuneiform Characters, AJSLL 25, 1904, pp. This temple was probably one of the most important institutions of Kassite Babylonia. Before entering Mesopotamia they were illiterate mountain people speaking a language that is not known today. After the invasion of Tukulti-Ninurta I the Kassite rulers of Babylonia bore a mixture of Akkadian and Kassite names. I; Chronicles conserning early babylonian Studies in Eastern History, II. For only $5 per month you can become a member and support our mission to engage people with cultural heritage and to improve history education worldwide. Map Store - Download High-Res Maps and Images, 2023, Bible History | All rights reserved, Middle Babylonian Period (1595 - 1000 BC). And so it was, when Israel had sown, that the Midianites came up, and the Amalekites, and the children of the east, even they came up against . 519-21. However, the river is only 175 . of Pientka, Sptaltbabylonische Zeit, OLZ 95, 2000, pp. K. Balkan (1986, pp. [7], Documentation of the Kassite period depends heavily on the scattered and disarticulated tablets from Nippur, where thousands of tablets and fragments have been excavated. This God held this position for many years after Kassite rule hand ended. Babylonia under the Sealand and Kassite Dynasties, edited by Susanne Paulus and Tim Clayden, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2020, pp. Babylonian wealth and influence at this time is reflected in the use of the cuneiform script and the Babylonian language as the main form of diplomatic communication. The monument mostly speaks of military victories over Egypts enemies. Iraq Museum, Limestone relief of a male figure from Tell al-Rimah, Iraq. Sassmannshausen (1999, pp. A stele (monument) from Egypt, dating back to 1208 BCE is the firs known inscription mentioning the nation of Israel. Aktuelle Forschungsprobleme in der vorderasiatischen Archologie, Hildesheim, 1995, pp. "uqamuna und u/imalija." 464-73. Kassites are recorded in Media during the first half of the first millennium BCE (see Zadok, 2002, pp. Like the Sumeriancs, no one knows for sure where they came from. Along with pictures of important people, places, and events, you will learn about the Kassites like never before. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Later rule shifted to the new city of Dur-Kurigalzu. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. 88 f.). (2012). The Kassite penetration into Mesopotamia. And I realized all my beliefs like what Edison believed came from the Bible. Mesopotamian History and The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". In the 1st millennium the Kassites withdrew to the Zagros Mountains, where they opposed the eastward expansion of Assyrian power and paid tribute to Persia. In letter #108, Rib-Hadda gives praises to Baal and also Samas in the sky. Though the map was inscribed long after the demise of Old Babylonia, archaeological evidence has proven it remarkably accurate in showing the . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Assyrians were one of the great powers of ancient Mesopotamia, rivals of the Babylonians. kassites in the bible. . Study on the Synchronistic King List from Ashur. Learn how your comment data is processed. There is only soft evidence about whether or not the Habiru are actually the Hebrews. The most advanced Bible dictionary as a part of Biblia Plus, which includes everything you need to take your Bible study to the next level. During this time, Joseph was born and eventually sold into Egypt. Press, 1997, Kjaerum, F. SEALS OF DILMUN-TYPE FROM FAILAKA, KUWAIT. Proceedings of the Seminar for Arabian Studies, vol. Our publication has been reviewed for educational use by Common Sense Education, Internet Scout (University of Wisconsin), Merlot (California State University), OER Commons and the School Library Journal. Given that their existence was before Joshua and the Canaan conquest, it is difficult to label these rebels as Hebrews specifically from Egypt. NON-IRANIAN LANGUAGES (5) KASSITE. [32][33] The Kassites also extended their power into the Persian Gulf, including at Qal'at al-Bahrain. Richardson (2002, p. 54) points out that southern Mesopotamian refugees were absorbed in the northern cities, whereas members of non-Mesopotamian population groups, such as Kassites, Elamites, and West Semitic semi-nomads (Suteans, Ahlamites) were diverted to rural establishments, such as encampments and fortresses. "Ur:" The Kassite Period and the Period of the Assyrian Kings"." When did the Kassites take over the Babylonian Empire? The attempt of A. Ancillotti (1981) to demonstrate that Kassite is originally an Indo-Aryan language is not convincing. [18] Often situated on the surface, many were found early and made their way to museums around the world. World History Encyclopedia, 03 Aug 2011. The Kassites, a tribe from the Zagros mountains in present-day Iran, arrived in Babylonia and filled a vacuum left by the Hittite invasion. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Babylonia under the Kassites 2, edited by Alexa Bartelmus and Katja Sternitzke, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2017, pp. ''Elamites and Kassites in the Persian Gulf'', Journal of Near Eastern Studies, LXV/2, 111-119.Richardson, S. (2005). Radical changes took place in the military organization as well (see Sassmannshausen, 2001, p. 181). In the period . This relief shows 3 different peoples essentially having Egyptian rule placed over them. The state sector, namely, the royal family, bureaucrats, priests, artisans, and attached labor (dependents and slaves of the palaces and temples), seems to have been the dominant one in the economy of Kassite Babylonia. Babylonian Pottery in the Kassite Period". the Babylonian Tradition in the Second Millennium B.C. Idem, Prelude to Empire: Babylonian Society and Politics, 747-626 B.C., Occasional Publications of the Babylonian Fund 7, Philadelphia, 1984. Yanoam, is not known (maybe Yaknoam). 412-18. Amarna a-an-har-ra, a-an-ha-ar (from Mitanni and Alashia), Hittite a-an-ha-ra(-az), Egyptian ngr, Old Testament nr < *amara (Old Babylonian gentilic Samhar), presumably a Kassite tribe, gave its name to Babylonia while it was occupied by the Kassites (see Zadok, 1984; cf. Corrections? Eight among the last kings of the Kassite dynasty have Akkadian names. The images were made by stamping or rolling the seals into wet clay. At some point between the 14th and 9th centuries BCE, the great ziggurat of Babylon was built which would later become associated with the Tower of Babel. This is depicted in letters #287 and his sixth letter, #290. ; Nashef, 1982, pp. The inscription is believed to be between 1400 1200 BCE, right around the time where Israel was in captivity or shortly after leaving captivity. They conquered lands in Mesopotamia and in what is now Turkey. [10][11] A few inscribed building materials of Kurigalzu I were found at Kish. However, Huber (1999-2000, p. 289b) doubts the mere three-year interval. that the plagues mentioned in the Book of Exodus from the Hebrew Bible . Bill T. Arnold. 1-8. 124, no. The names of some Kassite deities are known. 10 f., is cautious and allows for the alternative Ka-a-i-i Bi-ma-ti-i, thereby keeping Bimat apart from the Kassites). The origin of the Kassites is uncertain, though a number of theories have been advanced. The findings of those digs can be found HERE. Literature that falls in the category of mythical will not be covered even though there is a large amount of biblical and Akkadian literature that refers to the same events, such as creation and flood events. [48], It has been suggested that several Kassite leaders bore Indo-European names, and they might have had an Indo-European elite similar to the Mitanni. The canal Habur-ibal-buga (see Balkan, 1954, p. 104) is recorded in a document from Terqa which is dated to King Hammurapih (perhaps 16th century BCE, i.e., at the beginning of the Middle Babylonian period; see Podany, 2002, pp. M. Van De Mieroop, A History of the Ancient Near East, ca. Museum, B. 329 f.): ERN u-q-mu-[na(? Abraham was born in 1912bce, or 1948 from Adam, when Noah was 58 years old His son Shem was Malchitzedek, and Shems daughter was Tamar who became the mother Judahs twin sons (Peretz and Zarach). Coss(a)ei, Cossiaei, etc., i.e., Kassites (along with he Kissa as the name of the Kassites country; see Weissbach, 1921, 1922; Eilers, 1957-58, p. 135; Brinkman, 1976-80, p. 471b). 159-70. Once Kassite rulers were finally overthrown, they never regained power. Volume 2 Kardunia. "Archive und Bibliotheken in Babylon. 177-189, Krebernik, M., and Seidl, U. Thank you! They later regained power yet would be defeated along with many other nations under King Nebuchadnezzar in the seventh century BC. Kassites played a central role in the military. This capital, which was located in the far north of Babylonia, included a big palace and a temple with a high tower of the ziggurat type. The Incredible Bible - First in the BKA Series. Qala'at al-Bahrain/2 The central monumental buildings. 415 f.). This was followed by Dynasty II of Isin (1169-1039 b.c. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Their leaders came to power in Babylon following the collapse of the ruling dynasty of the Old Babylonian Period in 1595 BC. Most of the Kassite kings ruled on an average of 17 to 20 years. 27181. SeventeenthDynasty, (15001100 BCE)Kidinuid dynastyIgehalkid dynastyUntash-Napirisha, Twenty-first Dynasty of EgyptSmendes Amenemnisu Psusennes I Amenemope Osorkon the Elder Siamun Psusennes II, Twenty-third Dynasty of EgyptHarsiese A Takelot II Pedubast I Shoshenq VI Osorkon III Takelot III Rudamun Menkheperre Ini 6969, Albrecht Goetze, "The Kassites and Near Eastern Chronology,", This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 22:04. 1-44, van Koppen, Frans. Please note that some of these recommendations are listed under our old name, Ancient History Encyclopedia. There is not a single connected text in the Kassite language. Mesopotamian Pottery. The Kassites followed the Hittites and renamed the city Karanduniash. Kassite, member of an ancient people known primarily for establishing the second, or middle, Babylonian dynasty; they were believed (perhaps wrongly) to have originated in the Zagros Mountains of Iran. "Babylon in the Second Millennium BCE: New Insights on the Transitions from Old Babylonian to Kassite and Isin II Periods". A. Belmonte Marn, Die Orts- und Gewssernamen der Texte aus Syrien im 2. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Unfortunately, many of those tablets have not yet been published, including hundreds held in the Ottoman Museum in Istanbul. Last modified August 03, 2011. After the fall of the Akkadian Empire, two new empires rose to power. 257 ff. How does violence against the family pet affect the family? Mid-12th Century. 11119, Pedersn, Olof. 279-84. Retrieved from https://www.worldhistory.org/kassite/. Most belong to the archives of the guenna (provincial governor) of the city of Nippur and seem to indicate a feudal system of government during the 14th and 13th centuries. And when you look up to the sky and see the sun, the moon and the starsall the heavenly arraydo not be enticed into bowing down to them and worshiping things the LORD your God has apportioned to all the nations under heaven. Kassites. Submitted by Jan van der Crabben, published on 03 August 2011. 11-15). Some Rights Reserved (2009-2023) under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license unless otherwise noted. Judges 8:33 records that after Gideon died, the Israelites turned from the Lord and worshiped Baals and made Baal-berith their God. The Mosaic Glass Vessels from Hasanlu, Iran: A Study in Large-Scale Stylistic Trait Distribution The Art Bulletin , Vol. Because I thought I believe so different from everyone else. 4 (Dec., 1992), pp. Charpin, 1995). These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. 287-90. The horse, the sacred animal of the Kassites, probably first came into use in Babylonia at this time. 76, no. 17 f.). Moses' two brothers, Korah and Aaron, were Horite . Your email address will not be published. In addition, no Kassite anthroponyms and toponyms are recorded in these regions according to the above-mentioned early sources. 14151050 BCE. Read Ahmose Is stelae and read Ahmose IIs stelas the second stelae abruptly ends only halfway through at the Red Sea after chasing a race of people through what sounds exactly like the Exodus route. 31217, Levine, Louis D. "Geographical Studies in the Neo-Assyrian ZagrosI." J.A. Their leaders came to power in Babylon following the collapse of the ruling dynasty of the Old Babylonian Period in 1595 BC. [28][29] A typical treaties include the EgyptianHittite peace treaty (c.1259 BC) and the treaty between the Kassite ruler Karaindash and the Assyrian ruler Ashur-bel-nisheshu (c. 1410 BC). Idem, Hurrians as Well as Individuals Bearing Hurrian and Strange Names in Sumerian Sources, in A. F. Rainey, A. Kempinski, and M. Sigrist, eds., Kinatttu a drti. 2, 2006, pp. By the 14th century BCE, the Kassites controlled the whole of Babylonia, including the Diyala region. 43 f.; cf. The Kassites: The History and Legacy of the Ancient Civilization that Hittites, Kassites and Mitanni Children's Middle Eastern History Books, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike. 19, no. 925, Yaln, Serdar. The Midianites were a biblical people who occupied territory east of the Jordan River and the Dead Sea, and southward through the desert wilderness of the Arabah. For a time in the early reign of Tukulti-Ninurta I Assyria gained ascendancy, until the Elamites under Kidin-Hutran III intervened. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Bible Charts and Maps, PO Box 171053, Austin, TX 78717 The section concludes with a brief appendix (chapter 45). ''Some Shared Traditions Between Hana and the Kassites'', In Crossing Boundaries and Linking Horizons: Studies in Honor of Michael C. Astour on His 80th Birthday, 417-432.Potts, D. T. (2006). Provincial Administration in Babylonia under the Second Dynasty of Isin. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, vol. [31] The most notable of these efforts was the construction of a new city, Dur-Kuirgalzu. J. van Dijk, Die dynastischen Heiraten zwischen Kassiten und Elamern: eine verhngnisvolle Politik, Orientalia, N.S. Its about events 700-1000 years later. Gasche et al. 54, 1992, pp. Most cultic offices and lower administrative ranks were almost exclusively in the hands of Babylonians (Akkadians). The Kassite kings were called, by themselves and their colleagues in other Near Eastern states, kings of the land of Kar(an)dunia, the latter being a term for Babylonia that may have been Kassite in origin (del Monte and Tischler, 1978, pp. World History Encyclopedia. The Kassites left no cultural impact in Babylonia. 3 Where did the Kassite people originally come from? Iran 12.1 (1974): 99-124. West of Edin: Tell al-Deylam and the Babylonian City of Dilbat The Biblical Archaeologist , Vol. Katiliau of Terqa was probably a contemporary of Abi-euh (1711-1684 BCE; see Podany, 2002, pp. 2, 1986, pp. The anonymity of most of the Kassites in late Old Babylonian sources is not greatly remedied by the new occurrences from the unpublished texts evaluated by Richardson (2002, pp. Babylonia under the Sealand and Kassite Dynasties, edited by Susanne Paulus and Tim Clayden, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2020, pp. Charpin, 1995). 47, 100, 102 ff., 115 ff., 122). Cite This Work Idem, The Ethno-Linguistic Character of Northwestern Iran and Kurdistan in the Neo-Assyrian Period, Tel Aviv, 2002. Sulaymaniyah Museum, Detail, facade of Inanna's Temple at Uruk, Kassite, 15th century BCE. Ancient Orient Museum, Lapis Lazuli fragment with building inscriptions, Kassite, from Iraq. 185f. World History Encyclopedia. I. M. Diakonoff and S. M. Kashkai, Geographical Names According to Urartian Texts, Rpertoire Gographique des Textes Cuniformes 9, Wiesbaden, 1979. After Babylon came within the Kassite sphere of control its city-god, Marduk was absorbed into the Kassite pantheon. At the peak of their power the Kassites, under Kurigalzu I in the mid 14h century BC, conquered Elam and sacked the capital of Susa. Kassite Dynasty (List of Kings) Gandash, 16 years Agum I (s), 22 years Did Jesus or The New Testament Authors Quote from The Apocryphal Books? 39:1-45:5 - the most detailed account in the Old Testament of Babylon conquest of Jerusalem and its aftermath. 2, 1971, Ferrara, A. J. 32731, Horowitz, W., Reeves, S., Stillman, L., White, M., & Zilberg, P. (2015). The ancient Near East: historical sources in translation. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. The Hittites (/ h t a t s /) were an Anatolian people who played an important role in establishing first a kingdom in Kussara before 1750 BC, then the Kanesh or Nesha kingdom (ca. Babylonia was next invaded by the Kassites in the period 1550-1169 b.c. "Now a river flowed out of Eden to water the garden; and from there it divided and became four rivers. 2, pp. 9, pp. Ira Spar, Michael Jursa: Cuneiform Texts from the Metropolitan Museum of Art IV: The Ebabbar Temple Archive and Other Texts from the Fourth to the First Millennium BC. They were conquered by Alexander the Great but later regained their independence. Wikimedia The Kassites hardly penetrated the fields where acquaintance with the scribal art was required. When republishing on the web a hyperlink back to the original content source URL must be included. Christ's first name, Jesus, was Yeshua. Several suspected Kassite names are recorded in Ur III economic documents from southern Babylonia, but it is not known whence these individuals originally came (Zadok, 1987, p. 16; 1993, pp. Therefore, it cannot be ruled out that this may be just an accident of documentation. 58 f., 65 f.; cf. Their main project was the foundation of a new capital, named Dr-Kurigalzu Kurigalzus fortress (this type of place name is common in second- and early first-millennium Babylonia, where the initial component precedes a Kassite anthroponym (e.g., Agum and Burra-sah, Nashef, 1982, pp. W. Eilers, rev. 210 f.). The eunuch was not from the land today known as Ethiopia, which corresponds to the ancient Kingdom of Aksum, which conquered Kush in the fourth century. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 23. The longest lasting of several Babylonian dynasties, the Kassites held the region between the Tigris and Euphrates in what is now Iraq for over 400 years. [24] They were reported in Babylonia by the 18th century BC, especially around the area of Sippar. The documentation from Old Babylonian Susa would have strengthened the case for the Zagros as the original country of the Kassites, were it not limited, undated, and to some extent of questionable interpretation (Zadok, 1987, p. 16).
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